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Rev. méd. Chile ; 139(6): 748-754, jun. 2011. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-603120

ABSTRACT

Background: Worldwide, pre-eclampsia and eclampsia contribute to the death of a pregnant woman every three minutes. Aim: To determine the demographic risk factors and values of blood pressure to predict preeclampsia. Material and Methods: Demographic and clinical features of 300 normotensive pregnant women aged 28 ±5 years and 100 preeclamptic women aged 28 ±6 years, were assessed. Women with multiple pregnancies were excluded from the study. Results: Women with less educational attainment had a higher risk of mild and severe preeclampsia. Weight gain during pregnancy in control and pre eclamptic women were 14 ±3 and 20 ±5 kg, respectively (p < 0.01). Women with severe preeclampsia had high significantly shorter gestations then the other two patient groups (p < 0.01). Compared to nor-motensive women, at 6 to 12 weeks of gestation, pre eclamptic women had higher systolic (102 ±7 and 113 ±9 mmHg respectively), diastolic ( 64 ±5 and 74 ±10 mmHg respectively) and mean arterial pressure (77 ±5 and 87 ±8.01 mmHg res-pectively). Conclusions: Women with basic education or illiterate have a higher risk of developing preeclampsia. During the first or second trimester of pregnancy, mean arterial pressure is the best predictor for preeclampsia.


Antecedentes: La pre eclampsia contribuye a la muerte de una mujer embarazada cada 3 minutos a nivel mundial. Objetivo: Analizar los factores de riesgo demográficos y los valores de presión arterial predictores de pre eclampsia. Material y Métodos: Se estudiaron las características demográficas y clínicas de 300 mujeres embarazadas con presión arterial normal de 28 ±5 años y 100 mujeres con pre eclampsia de 28 ±6 años. Resultados: Las mujeres con menor nivel educacional tuvieron un riesgo mayor de presentar pre eclampsia moderada o severa. La ganancia de peso durante el embarazo de mujeres con pre eclampsia y presión normal fue de 20 ±5 kg y 14 ±3, respectivamente (p < 0,01). Las mujeres con pre eclampsia severa tuvieron gestaciones significativamente más cortas que el resto de los grupos. Comparadas con mujeres normotensas, a las 6 a 12 semanas de gestación, las mujeres con pre eclampsia tenían mayor presión arterial sistólica (102 ±7 y 113 ±9 mmHg respectivamente), diastólica (64 ±5 y 74 ±10 mmHg respectivamente) y media (77 ±5 y 87 ±8,01 mmHg respectivamente). Conclusiones: Las mujeres analfabetas o con educación básica tienen el mayor riesgo de desarrollar pre eclampsia. La presión arterial media durante el primer trimestre es el mejor predictor de preeclampsia.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Pregnancy , Young Adult , Blood Pressure/physiology , Pre-Eclampsia/etiology , Pregnancy Trimester, First/physiology , Weight Gain/physiology , Educational Status , Epidemiologic Methods , Republic of North Macedonia/epidemiology , Pre-Eclampsia/epidemiology , Pregnancy Trimester, Second/physiology , Risk Factors
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